Sudan, a country study
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| Sudan, a country study |
This edition of Sudan: A Country Study is a revised and updated version that replaces the 1992 edition edited by Helen Chapin Metz. As with other volumes in the Country Studies series, it attempts to cover concisely the history, society, environment, economy, government, and security sector of a contemporary nation, in this case, the Republic of the Sudan.
The text is based on a variety of sources including books, scholarly journals, foreign and domestic newspapers, official reports of governments and international organizations, and numerous periodicals and Web sites on Sudan, Africa, and the Middle East. At the end of each chapter is a bibliographic essay in which the author discusses the main sources used in the chapter. Complete citations for all chapters are included in the comprehensive bibliography at the end of the volume.
While this study was in production, the 10 Southern states of Sudan voted overwhelmingly to break away, and in mid-July 2011 they formed an independent nation, the Republic of South Sudan. Given this development, the five chapters of the volume cover events in the whole of Sudan up to early 2011 and hence do not deal with South Sudan as an independent country. Events in Sudan and South Sudan since their sepa¬ ration are included in the Introduction and in the Country Profile, both current as of early August 2014.
Every effort has been made to include the most accurate and recent information throughout the volume. However, locating current information on both Sudan and South Sudan is often a difficult task. Available information may be fragmentary or not up to date. This problem is especially the case concerning statistical data on such topics as the economy or the education and health sectors. Demographic information has fared better because the latest national census was conducted in 2008. In general, current information on security forces is scarce if not lacking altogether.
The spelling of contemporary place names conforms in most cases to the system approved by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names. However, in cases where the Board's version might prove confusing, we have retained spellings in English that are in common use, for example, AlObeid instead of Al-Ubayyid. Regarding personal names and terms in Arabic, we have followed the transliteration system of the Library of Congress-American Library Association, with modifications. In instances
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